Early findings from Texas A&M AgriLife Research scientists suggest high temperatures change how pasture mealybugs feed. The researchers say this could help explain why some infestations cause much more damage than others. The study is led by doctoral student Ashley Zavala in the lab of Thomas Chappell, an epidemiologist in the Texas A&M Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology.
The pest was first confirmed in Texas in July 2025 and has since spread to 114 counties, according to Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service entomologists. The story says the insect affects forage and grazing lands that support the state's $15.5 billion cattle industry. It has also been reported in Florida, Georgia and Louisiana. Immature mealybugs feed on plant sap and inject toxins that can cause pasture dieback.
To measure feeding, the team uses a method called electropenetrography, which attaches a sensor to the insect and the plant. Chappell said forecasting tools that consider feeding behavior, plant stress and weather could help growers time pesticide use more precisely. Zavala said the work is tedious but could help guide management of the pest.